Isaca Updated CGEIT Exam Questions and Answers by michelle

According to the web search results, authenticating access to information assets based on roles or business rules is the most important way to ensure appropriate ownership of access controls to address privacy compliance. This is because role-based access control (RBAC) and attribute-based access control (ABAC) are two of the most common and effective methods for enforcing the principle of least privilege, which means granting users only the minimum level of access they need to perform their tasks. This can help to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets, as well as to comply with privacy regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). For example, one of the results1 states that "RBAC is a key component of any organization’s compliance strategy, as it helps ensure that only authorized users can access sensitive data and resources". Another result2 explains that "ABAC is a logical model for access control that supports fine-grained authorization based on attributes, environment conditions, and policies". A third result3 discusses how RBAC and ABAC can help organizations achieve privacy compliance by implementing data minimization, purpose limitation, and accountability principles. References :=

What Is Access Control? | Microsoft Security

Access Control Policy and Implementation Guides | CSRC

Understanding Data Privacy – A Compliance Strategy Can Mitigate Cyber …

The first course of action for the CIO of an enterprise to help plan for the possibility of ransomed corporate data should be to request a targeted risk assessment. This is because a targeted risk assessment can help to identify and evaluate the specific threats, vulnerabilities, and impacts of ransomware attacks on the enterprise’s data and systems. A targeted risk assessment can also help to determine the likelihood and severity of ransomware incidents, as well as the appropriate controls and mitigation strategies to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.

Requiring development of key risk indicators (KRIs) is not the first course of action, as it is a monitoring tool for measuring the risk exposure and performance. KRIs are metrics that provide information on the current level and trend of risk in relation to the risk appetite and tolerance of the enterprise. KRIs can help to track and report the progress and effectiveness of the risk management activities, as well as alert the management of any potential issues or changes that may affect the risk profile. However, requiring development of KRIs does not provide a comprehensive analysis or improvement plan for ransomed corporate data.

Developing a policy to address ransomware is not the first course of action, as it is a result of conducting a targeted risk assessment. A policy to address ransomware is a document that defines the rules, guidelines, and responsibilities for preventing, detecting, responding to, and recovering from ransomware attacks. Developing a policy to address ransomware can help to communicate the expectations and requirements for ransomware protection and compliance, as well as enforce accountability and governance for ransomware incidents. However, developing a policy to address ransomware does not provide a detailed assessment or guidance for ransomed corporate data.

Backing up corporate data to a secure location is not the first course of action, as it is an implementation step after conducting a targeted risk assessment and developing a policy to address ransomware. Backing up corporate data to a secure location can help to preserve the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of the data in case of a ransomware attack. Backing up corporate data to a secure location can also help to restore the data and resume normal operations after a ransomware attack. However, backing up corporate data to a secure location does not provide a thorough risk analysis or governance framework for ransomed corporate data.

References := Ransomware Risk Management: NISTIR 8374, 3 Risk Management Process section. Managing the Risks of Ransomware - SEI Blog, Assess Your Risk section. Ransomware Risk Management - NIST, 4 Ransomware Risk Management Profile section. NIST Releases Tips and Tactics for Dealing With Ransomware, Back Up Your Data section.

The CIO communicating why IT governance is important to the enterprise is the best way to increase the likelihood of its success, as it helps to create awareness, understanding, and buy-in from the stakeholders and staff involved in the IT governance program. The CIO can also communicate the benefits, objectives, and expectations of the IT governance program, and how italigns with the enterprise strategy and vision123. References := CGEIT Exam Content Outline, Domain 1, Subtopic A: Governance Framework, Task 3: Ensure that stakeholder needs, conditions and options are evaluated to determine balanced, agreed-on enterprise objectives to be achieved; setting direction through prioritization and decision making; and monitoring performance and compliance against agreed-on direction and objectives.

 This is because an organizational change management program is a systematic approach to managing the human side of change and ensuring that the people affected by the change are ready, willing, and able to adopt it1. An organizational change management program can help to address the fatigue and frustration of the employees by providing them with clear communication, stakeholder engagement, training and coaching, leadership support, and feedback mechanisms2. An organizational change management program can also help to increase the success rate and benefits realization of the IT projects by reducing resistance, enhancing collaboration, and improving performance3.

The other options are less effective than option A, as they do not address the root cause of the problem or provide a comprehensive solution. Establishing “Reward and Recognition” efforts to boost employee morale may be helpful, but not sufficient, to overcome the fatigue and frustration of the employees. Rewards and recognition can motivate and appreciate the employees for their efforts and achievements, but they do not necessarily help them to cope with the changes or learn the new capabilities4. Improving the system development life cycle (SDLC) process may be useful, but not relevant, to address the fatigue and frustration of the employees. The SDLC process is a framework that defines the tasks and activities involved in developing, testing, deploying, and maintaining IT systems. While improving the SDLC process can enhance the quality and efficiency of IT systems, it does not directly affect the employees’ readiness or willingness to adopt them. Assessing current business and IT competencies may be important, but not enough, to address the fatigue and frustration of the employees. Assessing competencies can help to identify the gaps and needs of the employees in terms of knowledge, skills, and abilities required for their roles. However, assessing competencies alone does not provide any solutions or support for closing those gaps or meeting those needs.