Isaca Updated CISA Exam Questions and Answers by alec

 The only thing that can be provided by asymmetric encryption is nonrepudiation. Nonrepudiation is the ability to prove that a message or transaction was originated or authorized by a specific party. Asymmetric encryption uses a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. The public key can be shared with anyone, while the private key is kept secret by the owner. If a message is encrypted with the sender’s private key, only the sender’s public key can decrypt it. This proves that the message was sent by the sender and not by anyone else. This is called digital signature and it provides nonrepudiation. Asymmetric encryption can also provide information privacy by encrypting a message with the receiver’s public key, so that only the receiver’s private key can decrypt it. However, information privacy can also be provided by symmetric encryption, which uses a single key to encrypt and decrypt messages. References:

CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 5, Section 5.21

CISA Online Review Course, Domain 3, Module 2, Lesson 12

IfIT is not involvedinstrategic planning,IT strategy may diverge from business needs, leading tomisalignment and inefficiencies.

Option A (Incorrect):Business strategy alignmentis important, but the greater risk is thatIT investments do not support business goals.

Option B (Incorrect):Lack of emerging technology awareness is a risk, butIT-business misalignment has broader consequences.

Option C (Correct):Thegreatest riskis when IT strategyfails to align with business objectives, leading towasted investments, inefficiencies, and competitive disadvantages.

Option D (Incorrect):IT goals being overlooked is a concern, butmisalignment of IT and business strategies is a more critical risk.