Isaca Updated CISA Exam Questions and Answers by naya

 Clustering is a technique that allows multiple servers to work together as a single system, providing high availability, load balancing, and fault tolerance. Clustering can limit the potential impact of server failures in a distributed environment, as it can automatically switch the workload to another server in the cluster if one server fails, without interrupting the service. Redundant pathways, failoverpower, and parallel testing are also useful for improving the reliability and availability of servers, but they do not directly address the issue of server failures. 

The correct answer is C. remediation and retesting.

After a penetration test identifies findings, the next step is for management or the responsible technical teams to remediate the identified vulnerabilities and then retest to confirm the vulnerabilities were properly addressed. The value of penetration testing comes not only from identifying weaknesses but from ensuring corrective action is completed and validated.

Option A is not the best answer because analyzing system changes may be part of change management, but it is not the direct next step after penetration test findings. Option B is not the best answer because vulnerability scanning may support validation, but the more complete answer is remediation and retesting. Option D is important because penetration test reports are sensitive, but confidentiality of the report is an ongoing requirement, not the next corrective step for findings.

ISACA defines penetration testing as a live test of security defenses by mimicking real-life attackers, and Domain 5 of the CISA Exam Content Outline includes security testing tools and techniques, vulnerability management, and security monitoring.

The primary benefit of using a dry-pipe fire-suppression system rather than a wet-pipe system is that a dry-pipe system has a decreased risk of leakage, as the pipes are filled with pressurized air or nitrogen instead of water until the system is activated. A wet-pipe system has a higher risk of leakage, corrosion, and freezing. A dry-pipe system is not more effective at suppressing flames, as it uses the same water-based suppressant as a wet-pipe system. A dry-pipe system does not allow more time to abort release of the suppressant, as it has a delay of only a few seconds before the water is released. A dry-pipe system does not disperse dry chemical suppressants exclusively, as it uses water as the primary suppressant. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 5, Section 5.2.3