ECCouncil Updated 312-38 Exam Questions and Answers by jayla

In the scenario described, the employee performed a Network Sniffing attack. This type of attack involves capturing and analyzing packets traveling through a network. Since the admin discovered that confidential emails related to the tender were captured and that an open switch port was used to connect to the network, it indicates that the data was intercepted as it traveled across the network, which is characteristic of a sniffing attack. Network sniffing can be either passive or active; however, the scenario suggests a passive approach where the packets were monitored and captured without altering the network traffic.

References: The Certified Network Defender (CND) course by EC-Council includes topics on various network attacks, including sniffing. It teaches how sniffing can be used to capture sensitive information like email conversations if proper security controls, such as closing unused switch ports, are not in place1. Additionally, network scanning and monitoring tools that can detect such unauthorized connections and activities are also covered in the CND curriculum1.

 ISO/IEC 27005 is the standard dedicated to information security risk management. It provides guidelines for information security risk management and supports the general concepts specified in ISO/IEC 27001. It is designed to assist the implementation of information security based on a risk management approach and is applicable to all types of organizations which intend to manage risks that can compromise the organization’s information security.

References: The ISO/IEC 27005 standard is referenced in various resources as the go-to standard for information security risk management, which aligns with the objectives of bringing an organization into compliance with ISO standards for this purpose12. Additionally, the ECCouncil’s Certified Network Defender (CND) study materials and guidelines would include references to such standards as part of the curriculum for network security and defense34.

Indicators of Attack (IOAs) are behaviors or actions that suggest an attacker’s intent to compromise a system. Unlike Indicators of Compromise (IOCs), which are evidence that an attack has already occurred, IOAs focus on the detection of attack attempts before they can cause harm. Exploits are a prime example of IOAs because they are tools or techniques used to take advantage of vulnerabilities in systems, often before any actual damage is done. This can include exploiting security holes, system weaknesses, or software bugs to gain unauthorized access or perform unauthorized actions.

References: The concept of IOAs, including the use of exploits as an example, aligns with cybersecurity best practices and the objectives of the Certified Network Defender (CND) program. The information provided is based on standard cybersecurity frameworks and the CND’s focus on understanding and identifying potential threats before they manifest into actual attacks123.

The Parabolic Grid antenna is designed based on the principle of a satellite dish. This type of antenna can focus the radio waves onto a particular direction and is capable of picking up Wi-Fi signals from very long distances, often ten miles or more, depending on the specific design and conditions. It is highly directional and has a narrow focus, making it ideal for point-to-point communication in long-range Wi-Fi networks.

References: The EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) course materials include information on various types of antennas and their uses in network defense. TheParabolic Grid antenna is mentioned as a type of antenna that can pick up signals from a great distance, which aligns with the principles of satellite dishes as described in the CND study guide1.