CompTIA Updated SY0-701 Exam Questions and Answers by harper-rose

Detailed Explanation:Privileged access management (PAM) solutions effectively mitigate pass-the-hash attacks by enforcing least privilege and session management for administrative accounts. These tools restrict how and when credentials can be accessed, thereby reducing attack surfaces. Reference: CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Study Guide, Domain 2: Vulnerabilities, Section: "Mitigation Techniques"​​.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

VM escape occurs when an attacker inside a virtual machine breaks out of the guest OS and gains access to the underlying host hypervisor or other virtual machines. In this scenario, the penetration tester executes a script to inject a malicious payload that allows access to the host filesystem—this is the textbook definition of VM escape.

The SY0-701 exam specifically identifies VM escape as one of the most critical virtualization vulnerabilities, as it defeats isolation and can compromise entire virtual environments. This typically results from flaws in hypervisor software, improper sandboxing, or insecure VM tools.

Cross-site scripting (B) affects web applications and browsers, not hypervisors. Malicious updates (C) involve tampered patch delivery. SQL injection (D) targets databases through application input fields.

Because the attacker moved from a VM to the host system, the correct classification is VM escape, a high-severity virtualization vulnerability.

EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) solutions monitor endpoint activities in real-time and can prevent malicious files from being downloaded or executed by detecting suspicious behaviors. In this case, EDR would block the download or alert the security team.

DLP (Data Loss Prevention) prevents unauthorized data exfiltration rather than blocking malware downloads. FIM (File Integrity Monitoring) tracks changes to files but doesn’t prevent downloads. NAC (Network Access Control) controls device access to the network but does not directly block file downloads.

EDR's proactive blocking capabilities are covered under the Security Operations domain in SY0-701【6:Chapter 11†CompTIA Security+ Study Guide】.