Cisco Updated 200-201 Exam Questions and Answers by isa

TCP injection is an attack where the attacker sends crafted packets into an existing TCP session. These packets appear to be part of the session.

The presence of many SYN packets with the same sequence number, source, and destination IP but different payloads indicates that an attacker might be injecting packets into the session.

This method can be used to disrupt communication, inject malicious commands, or manipulate the data being transmitted.

References

Understanding TCP Injection Attacks

Analyzing Packet Captures for Injection Attacks

Network Security Monitoring Techniques

Attacking a vulnerability is categorized as exploitation, which is the third phase of the cyberattack lifecycle. Exploitation is the process of taking advantage of a vulnerability in a system, application, or network to gain access, escalate privileges, or execute commands. Action on objectives, delivery, and installation are other phases of the cyberattack lifecycle, but they do not involve attacking a vulnerability. Action on objectives is the final phase, where the attacker achieves their goal, such as stealing data, disrupting services, or destroying assets. Delivery is the second phase, where the attacker delivers the malicious payload, such as malware, phishing email, or malicious link, to the target. Installation is the fourth phase, where the attacker installs the malicious payload on the compromised system or network to maintain persistence or spread laterally. References: What is a Cyberattack? | IBM, Recognizing the seven stages of a cyber-attack - DNV

 Application-level whitelisting is a security technology that allows only a set of pre-approved applications to run on a system, and blocks any other unauthorized or malicious programs. This can prevent malware, ransomware, zero-day exploits, and other threats from compromising the system. Application-level whitelisting is also known as application control or application allowlisting. References := Understanding Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals (CBROPS) v1.0, Module 3: Host-Based Analysis, Lesson 3.2: Endpoint Security Technologies, Topic 3.2.3: Application Whitelisting, page 3-20.

HTTPS uses SSL/TLS encryption to secure data transmission over the internet. This encryption makes it difficult to monitor HTTPS traffic because the data packets are encrypted making them unreadable to anyone trying to intercept or monitor the data without proper decryption keys. References := Cisco CyberOps Associate