ECCouncil Updated 212-89 Exam Questions and Answers by malachi

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

Once malware is identified, ECIH guidance requires responders to analyze before eradication to understand scope, infection vectors, persistence mechanisms, and data impact. This ensures effective removal and prevents reinfection.

Option C is correct because forensic analysis allows investigators to determine how the malware entered the system, what data was accessed, and whether additional components are compromised. Without this understanding, containment and recovery efforts may be incomplete or ineffective.

Option A is a containment step but does not address root cause. Option B is a notification step that must be supported by verified facts. Option D protects future data but does not address the active malware.

Therefore, forensic analysis is the ideal primary action following detection, as emphasized in the ECIH malware handling process.

Reducing the success rate of SQL injection attacks is focused on minimizing vulnerabilities within the application's database interactions, rather than the broader server or network services. SQL injection prevention techniques typically involve input validation, parameterized queries, and the use of stored procedures, rather than changes to the network or server configuration.

A) Closing unnecessary application services and ports on the server is a general security best practice to reduce the attack surface but does not directly impact the success rate of SQL injection attacks. This action limits access to potential vulnerabilities across the network and server but doesn't address the specific ways SQL injection exploits input handling within web applications.

B) Automatically locking a user account after a predefined number of invalid login attempts within a predefined interval can help mitigate brute force attacks but has no direct effect on preventing SQL injection, which exploits code vulnerabilities to manipulate database queries.

C) Constraining legitimate characters to exclude special characters and D) Limiting the length of the input field are both direct methods to reduce the risk of SQL injection. They focus on controlling user input, which is the vector through which SQL injection attacks are launched. By restricting special characters that could be used in SQL commands and limiting input lengths, an application can reduce the potential for malicious input to form a part of SQL queries executed by the backend database.

Volatile data refers to information that is stored temporarily and is lost when a computer is turned off or restarted, such as RAM contents, including open sockets and open ports, the date and time of the system, and the state of the network interface. The creation dates of files, however, are considered non-volatile data because they are preserved on the hard drive and remain available after the system is restarted or turned off. Non-volatile data is stored on persistent storage mediums like hard drives, SSDs, and magnetic tapes, where it remains until it is deleted or overwritten.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

This question focuses on post-incident recovery and resilience, a key ECIH concept. After restoring services, organizations must strengthen defenses to prevent recurrence.

Option B is correct because Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) distribute traffic and absorb volumetric attacks, while blackhole routing discards malicious traffic upstream. ECIH identifies these as industry-standard controls for DDoS resilience.

Options A, C, and D weaken security or increase attack surface and contradict ECIH guidance.

ECIH stresses that recovery is not complete until preventive measures are implemented. CDN deployment and upstream traffic control significantly improve availability during future attacks.