Isaca Updated COBIT-2019 Exam Questions and Answers by aila

 A principle associated with the key components of a governance framework is that key components should function independently to maintain integrity. Key components include governance components (such as structures, processes, principles, policies, etc.), governance enablers (such as people, skills, culture, information, services, etc.), and governance outcomes (such as value creation, risk optimization, resource optimization, etc.). These components should operate independently from each other to avoid conflicts of interest, bias, or undue influence. They should also have clear roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountabilities.  COBIT ensures the independence of key components by defining their relationships and interactions in a transparent and consistent manner. 1 4   References:   COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology ,  COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance System

The initiatives that should be scheduled for completion first when prioritizing improvement initiatives are the ones that are easiest to achieve and will garner business benefits. This approach helps to create quick wins and demonstrate value to the stakeholders, as well as to build momentum and confidence for further improvement efforts. The initiatives should also be aligned with the enterprise’s strategic objectives, risk appetite, and resource constraints.  The approach is based on the COBIT 2019 Implementation Guide 2 , page 37.  References:   2 : COBIT 2019 Implementation Guide | Digital | English

An example of a governance system component is the compliance regulations applicable to the enterprise. The governance system components are the elements that constitute a governance system for an enterprise using COBIT 2019. The governance system components include principles enablers goals processes practices roles structures metrics etc., that enable an enterprise to govern and manage its information and technology activities effectively efficiently reliably securely etc. The compliance regulations are the laws regulations standards guidelines contracts or agreements that govern the information and technology activities of an enterprise. The compliance regulations influence the level of control and assurance that an enterprise needs to demonstrate its adherence to the applicable rules and obligations.  By considering the compliance regulations as a governance system component an enterprise can ensure that its governance system is appropriate for its context and objectives that it can effectively manage the potential impacts of non-compliance on its reputation performance value stakeholder trust etc., that it can align its information and technology activities with the relevant standards guidelines regulations best practices etc., that it can meet stakeholder requirements expectations etc.,  5   References:   5 : COBIT 2019 Design Guide: page 47-48 : COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance System Components: page 27-28

The IT implementation methods design factor describes how an enterprise develops, delivers, and maintains its IT solutions. There are four IT implementation methods defined in COBIT 2019: traditional, agile, DevOps, and hybrid. Each method has different implications for the governance and management of information and technology in terms of focus areas, processes, practices, roles, structures, and metrics. The IT implementation method that requires the highest level of participation by users at multiple stages of software development is agile. Agile is an IT implementation method that emphasizes flexibility, adaptability, collaboration, customer satisfaction, and value delivery. One of the characteristics of agile is that it involves frequent and direct interaction with users throughout the software development life cycle, from requirements gathering to testing to deployment. Users are considered as key stakeholders who provide feedback, input, validation, verification, acceptance, and evaluation of the IT solutions. Users are also involved in prioritizing the features and functionalities of the IT solutions based on their needs and expectations. Agile aims to deliver IT solutions that meet user requirements and expectations in a timely and cost-effective manner.