Amazon Web Services Updated MLS-C01 Exam Questions and Answers by arwen

The best solution to meet the requirements is to apply Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to the training dataset before training. SMOTE is a technique that generates synthetic samples for the minority class by interpolating between existing samples. This can help balance the class distribution and provide more information to the model. SMOTE can improve the performance of the model on the minority class, which is the class of interest in churn prediction. SMOTE can be applied using the SageMaker Data Wrangler, which provides a built-in analysis for oversampling the minority class1.

The other options are not effective solutions for the problem. Applying anomaly detection to remove outliers from the training dataset before training may not improve the model’s accuracy, as outliers may not be the main cause of the false results. Moreover, removing outliers may reduce the diversity of the data and make the model less robust. Applying normalization to the features of the training dataset before training may improve the model’s convergence and stability, but it does not address the class imbalance issue. Normalization can also be applied using the SageMaker Data Wrangler, which provides a built-in transformation for scaling the features2. Applying undersampling to the training dataset before training may reduce the class imbalance, but it also discards potentially useful information from the majority class. Undersampling can also result in underfitting and high bias for the model.

A recurrent neural network (RNN) is a type of neural network that can process sequential data, such as time series, by maintaining a hidden state that captures the temporal dependencies between the inputs. RNNs are well suited for predicting future events based on past observations, such as forecasting engine failures based on sensor readings. To train an RNN model, the data needs to be labeled with the target variable, which in this case is the type and time of the engine fault. This makes the problem a supervised learning problem, where the goal is to learn a mapping from the input sequence (sensor readings) to the output sequence (engine faults). By using an RNN model, the manufacturer can leverage the temporal information in the data and detect patterns that indicate when an engine might need maintenance for a certain fault.

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The company should configure Amazon Textract to route low-confidence predictions to Amazon Augmented AI (Amazon A2I). Amazon A2I is a service that allows you to implement human review of machine learning (ML) predictions. It also comes integrated with some of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) services such as Amazon Textract. By using Amazon A2I, the company can perform a manual review on those words that have low confidence scores before performing a business validation. This will help reduce the processing time of loan applications by avoiding errors and rework.

Option A is incorrect because Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth is not a suitable service for human review of Amazon Textract predictions. Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth is a service that helps you build highly accurate training datasets for machine learning. It allows you to label your own data or use a workforce of human labelers. However, it does not provide an easy way to integrate with Amazon Textract and route low-confidence predictions for human review.

Option B is incorrect because using an Amazon Textract synchronous operation instead of an asynchronous operation will not reduce the processing time of loan applications. A synchronous operation is a request-response operation that returns the results immediately. An asynchronous operation is a start-and-check operation that returns a job identifier that you can use to check the status and results later. The choice of operation depends on the size and complexity of the document, not on the confidence of the predictions.

Option D is incorrect because using Amazon Rekognition’s feature to detect text in an image to extract the data from scanned images is not a better alternative than using Amazon Textract. Amazon Rekognition is a service that provides computer vision capabilities, such as face recognition, object detection, and scene analysis. It can also detect text in an image, but it does not provide the same level of accuracy and functionality as Amazon Textract. Amazon Textract can not only detect text, but also extract data from tables and forms, and understand the layout and structure of the document.

Amazon Augmented AI

Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth

Amazon Textract Operations

Amazon Rekognition

In predictive maintenance, when a dataset is imbalanced (with far fewer failure cases than non-failure cases), oversampling the minority class helps the model learn from the minority class effectively. The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) generates synthetic samples for the minority class by creating data points between existing minority class instances. This can enhance the model’s ability to recognize failure patterns, particularly in imbalanced datasets.

SMOTE increases the effective presence of failure cases in the dataset, providing a balanced learning environment for the model. This is more effective than undersampling, which would risk losing important non-failure data.