Amazon Web Services Updated MLS-C01 Exam Questions and Answers by theia

• The Data Scientist is building a model to predict customer churn using a dataset of 100 continuous numerical features. The Marketing team wants to interpret the model and see the direct impact of relevant features on the model outcome. However, the Data Scientist observes that there is a wide gap between the training and validation set accuracy, which indicates that the model is overfitting the data and generalizing poorly to new data.
• To improve the model performance and satisfy the Marketing team’s needs, the Data Scientist can use the following methods:

References:

• Regularization for Logistic Regression
• Recursive Feature Elimination

A convolutional neural network (CNN) is a type of deep learning model that can learn to extract features from images and perform tasks such as classification, segmentation, and detection1. ResNet is a popular CNN architecture that uses residual connections to overcome the problem of vanishing gradients and enable very deep networks2. For the task of predicting product quality based on sensor data, a CNN and ResNet approach can leverage the spatial structure of the data and learn complex patterns that distinguish different quality levels.

References:

• Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs / ConvNets)
• PyTorch ResNet: The Basics and a Quick Tutorial

The most cost-effective solution is to use an S3 event to trigger a Lambda function that uses SageMaker Data Wrangler to merge the data. This solution avoids the need to provision and manage any additional resources, such as Kinesis streams, Firehose delivery streams, Glue jobs, or Redshift clusters. SageMaker Data Wrangler provides a visual interface to import, prepare, transform, and analyze data from various sources, including AWS Data Exchange products. It can also export the data preparation workflow to a Python script that can be executed by a Lambda function. This solution can meet the time requirement of 30-60 minutes, depending on the size and complexity of the data.

References:

• Using Amazon S3 Event Notifications
• Prepare ML Data with Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler
• AWS Lambda Function

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique for reducing the dimensionality of datasets, increasing interpretability but at the same time minimizing information loss. It does so by creating new uncorrelated variables that successively maximize variance. PCA is useful when dealing with datasets that have a large number of correlated features. However, PCA is sensitive to the scale of the features, so it is important to standardize or normalize the data before applying PCA. Amazon SageMaker provides a built-in algorithm for PCA that can be used to transform the data into a lower-dimensional representation. Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler is a tool that allows data scientists to visually explore, clean, and prepare data for machine learning. Data Wrangler provides various transformation steps that can be applied to the data, such as scaling, encoding, imputing, etc. Data Wrangler also integrates with SageMaker built-in algorithms, such as PCA, to enable feature engineering and dimensionality reduction. Therefore, option B is the correct answer, as it involves scaling the data with a Min Max Scaler transformation step, which rescales the data to a range of [0, 1], and then using the SageMaker built-in algorithm for PCA on the scaled dataset to transform the data. Option A is incorrect, as it does not involve scaling the data before applying PCA, which can affect the results of the dimensionality reduction. Option C is incorrect, as it involves removing the features that have the highest correlation, which can lead to information loss and reduce the performance of the regression model. Option D is incorrect, as it involves removing the features that have the lowest correlation, which can also lead to information loss and reduce the performance of the regression model. References:

• Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - Amazon SageMaker
• Scale data with a Min Max Scaler - Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler
• Use Amazon SageMaker built-in algorithms - Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler