Huawei Updated H12-821_V1.0 Exam Questions and Answers by ana

 ACL in Routing Policies

ACLs are frequently used in routing policies to match specific routes based on criteria such as source IP, destination IP, and more. This allows ACLs to influence route redistribution, filtering, and forwarding decisions.

 HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference

ACL applications in routing policies are discussed in the routing policy chapters​​.

By default, BGP does not automatically summarize imported routes. Route summarization must be explicitly configured using the summary or similar commands ​.

Comprehensive and Detailed in-depth Step-by-Step Explanation:To establish an OSPF neighbor relationship, the following conditions must be met:

The routers must share a common network segment.

Their Hello and Dead intervals must match.

Their OSPF network types must be compatible.

The IP subnet masks must match.

If two OSPF routers are on different network segments and have different subnet masks, one solution is to change the OSPF network type to Point-to-Point (P2P) on both interfaces.

Point-to-Point (P2P):

In a P2P network type, OSPF ignores the subnet mask mismatch and establishes the neighbor relationship regardless of the network mask.

This is ideal for directly connected links between two routers.

NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access):

This network type is used for networks like Frame Relay or ATM, where a single physical interface connects to multiple neighbors.

It is not applicable to solving subnet mask mismatches for a single link.

P2MP (Point-to-Multipoint):

This type treats the link as multiple P2P links. It is mainly used in hub-and-spoke topologies.

While it can be configured to solve subnet mask mismatches, it is more complex and less commonly used compared to the P2P type.

Broadcast:

This type requires all routers on the same segment to agree on subnet masks, so it cannot resolve the subnet mask mismatch issue.

Therefore, the correct answer is A. Point-to-point.

References:

Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter on "OSPF Neighbor Relationships".

RFC 2328 – OSPF Version 2, Section 10.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Firewall Session Table:

A session table is used to track active sessions. If a session remains idle for longer than the configured aging time, it is removed to free resources and enhance security.

TCP Session Timeout:

If the interval between two packets exceeds the session timeout, the firewall deletes the session information, requiring the session to be re-established.

References:

HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, Chapter: Firewall Session Management

Huawei Firewall TCP Session Timeout Configuration