Checkpoint Updated 156-315.81 Exam Questions and Answers by eoin

Identity Awareness maps usernames to IP addresses by collecting Windows Security Events from Active Directory Domain Controllers. These events include Account Logon, Kerberos Ticket Requested, and Kerberos Ticket Renewed. These events indicate that a user has successfully authenticated to the domain and obtained a Kerberos ticket for accessing network resources. Identity Awareness can use these events to associate the username with the source IP address of the authentication request.

However, Kerberos Ticket Timed Out is not a Windows Security Event that Identity Awareness can use to map usernames to IP addresses. This event indicates that a user’s Kerberos ticket has expired and needs to be renewed. This event does not contain the source IP address of the user, only the username and the ticket information. Therefore, Identity Awareness cannot use this event to map a username to an IP address.

References:

• 1, Training & Certification | Check Point Software, section “Security Expert R81.20 (CCSE) Core Training”
• 2, Certified Security Expert (CCSE) R81.20 Course Overview, page 1
• 3, Check Point Certified Security Expert R81, page 5
• 5, Identity Awareness Administration Guide R81, section “How Identity Awareness Collects Identities”

 The file that contains the host address to be published, the MAC address that needs to be associated with the IP address, and the unique IP of the interface that responds to ARP request is $FWDIR/conf/local.arp. Local.arp is a configuration file that defines static ARP entries for hosts behind NAT devices. This file allows the Security Gateway to respond to ARP requests for NATed hosts with the correct MAC address, and to publish the NATed IP address instead of the real IP address. The other files are either not related or not valid. 

The option that is NOT an option to calculate the traffic direction is Outgoing. Traffic direction is a parameter that determines how traffic is classified as internal or external based on its source and destination. Traffic direction can be calculated using three options: Incoming, Internal, or External. Incoming means that traffic is classified as internal if its destination is one of the Security Gateway’s interfaces, and external otherwise. Internal means that traffic is classified as internal if its source or destination belongs to one of the internal networks defined in the topology, and external otherwise. External means that traffic is classified as internal if both its source and destination belong to one of the internal networks defined in the topology, and external otherwise. Outgoing is not a valid option to calculate traffic direction. 

The Access Control policy supports two policy layers. These are the Network layer and the Application & URL Filtering layer. The Network layer contains rules that control the network traffic based on the source, destination, service, and action. The Application & URL Filtering layer contains rules that control the application and web access based on the application, site category, and user identity12.

The Access Control policy can also use inline layers, which are sub-policies that are embedded within a rule. Inline layers allow more granular control over specific traffic or scenarios, such as VPN, Mobile Access, or different user groups13. However, inline layers are not considered as separate policy layers, but rather as extensions of the parent rule4.

Therefore, the correct answer is A. The Access Control policy supports two policy layers.

References:

• 1, Policy Layers in R80.x - Check Point CheckMates
• 2, Access Control policies, layers, and rules | Check Point Firewall …
• 3, Chapter 8: Introduction to Policies, Layers, and Rules - Check Point …
• 4, Creating an Access Control Policy - Check Point Software