Conducting Forensic Analysis and Incident Response Using Cisco CyberOps Technologies (CBRFIR) 300-215 Exam Questions with Experts Answers Updated Recently

To prevent macro-based attacks, the Cisco CyberOps study guide emphasizes the importance of limiting execution of unauthorized or unsigned macros. "Requiring that all macros be digitally signed and limiting execution only to those that meet the required trust level is a key mitigation strategy against malicious macros." Additionally, enabling features likeControlled Folder Accesshelps in protecting sensitive directories from unauthorized changes by untrusted applications, including those launched via malicious macros .

These two measures—enforcing signed macro policies and leveraging controlled folder access—directly help in mitigating the risk posed by embedded malicious macros in documents.

The eradication phase in incident response involveseliminating the root cause of the incidentand strengthening defenses to prevent reoccurrence. In this case:

Intrusion Prevention System (D): Adding new rules to the IPS to detect and block malicious activity on TCP/135 is a direct eradication step to remove the threat’s entry point and prevent future attacks.

Centralized User Management (C): Hardening user accounts, removing unnecessary permissions, and applying tighter authentication/authorization measures helps eliminate the possibility that threat actors could exploit weak or mismanaged accounts to continue accessing the system.

Althoughanti-malware software (A)andenterprise block listing (E)are valuable, themost direct eradication stepshere specifically involve managing network access (via IPS) and strengthening user controls (via centralized user management), especially when TCP/135 (MSRPC endpoint mapper) can be used to enumerate services and potentially access vulnerable endpoints remotely.

This aligns with best practices outlined in incident response frameworks (such as the NIST SP 800-61 and referenced resources), which emphasizeclosing the exploited entry points(in this case, TCP/135) andremoving any lingering access pointsthrough user management and network control enhancements.