CWNP Updated CWSP-208 Exam Questions and Answers by georgiana

TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) was introduced with WPA to enhance WEP security. One of the security mechanisms used in TKIP is a per-MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) sequence counter called the TSC (TKIP Sequence Counter). The TSC acts as a form of replay protection by assigning a unique sequence number to each transmitted frame. If a packet is received with a sequence number lower than or equal to a previously received number, it is discarded. This directly prevents replay attacks, where a malicious actor resends previously captured frames in an attempt to spoof the session or extract data.

A Robust Security Network (RSN) is defined by the IEEE 802.11i standard and is designed to provide a framework for secure wireless LAN communications. One of the primary criteria for a network to qualify as an RSN is that WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) must not be used for encryption, as WEP has well-known vulnerabilities and is considered insecure. RSN-compliant networks must use either CCMP (AES) or GCMP for encryption and 802.1X/EAP or WPA2-Personal for authentication.

Incorrect:

A. Token cards are not part of RSN criteria.

B. Dynamic WEP is still WEP and disqualifies RSN status.

D. WPA-Personal may be supported, but alone does not define an RSN.

E. SSHv1 concerns device management security, not RSN qualification.

Hijacking attacks often rely on exploiting client behavior during signal disruption. Clients will seek better connections when RF is weak or interrupted. An attacker may:

Disrupt the signal (e.g., with a deauth attack)

Present a rogue access point (evil twin) with stronger signal

Trick the client into associating with the rogue AP, hijacking the session

Incorrect:

B. There is no standard 120-second timer behavior.

C. Loss of connectivity typically triggers reassociation and reauthentication.

D. Direct client-to-client connections are not required in infrastructure mode.

E. Band selection logic varies and is unrelated to hijacking attacks.

WIPS platforms with multiple sensors can locate rogue devices using:

A. TDoA: Measures the time difference a signal takes to reach multiple sensors; requires synchronized clocks.

C. Trilateration using RSSI: Estimates distance based on signal strength from three or more known sensor positions.

E. RF Fingerprinting: Matches received signals to known RF patterns in the environment for device positioning.

AoA requires directional antennas (not typical with dipoles), and GPS is used for locating mobile sensors or vehicles, not indoor rogues.