NMLS Updated MLO Exam Questions and Answers by tate

For an FHA loan, the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio is calculated by dividing the loan amount by the lesser of the purchase price or appraised value of the property. This ensures that the loan amount is based on the lower of the two figures, protecting the lender from over-lending on a property that may not appraise at the agreed purchase price.

This method is consistent with FHA guidelines, ensuring that the loan is adequately secured by the property’s value.

The index for an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) is tied to a published benchmark (such as LIBOR, SOFR, or U.S. Treasury securities). Index rates fluctuate over time as the general level of interest rates in the market changes.

“The index is a published interest rate to which the interest rate on an ARM is tied. The index rate changes over time, usually in line with general market rates.”

— CFPB, Consumer Handbook on Adjustable-Rate Mortgages (CHARM)

Under TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure (TRID) rules, borrowers must receive the Loan Estimate (LE) at least 7 business days before consummation of the loan. This rule allows borrowers ample time to review the terms and costs of the mortgage before closing.

If a revised Loan Estimate is issued due to changes in circumstances (e.g., interest rate changes, property changes), the borrower still needs to receive it no later than 7 business days before consummation.

Under Regulation Z, which implements the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), it is a prohibited act to advertise mortgage rates that are not currently available to applicants. This rule ensures transparency in advertising, preventing lenders from misleading consumers with rates or terms that they cannot actually offer.

Advertising must reflect current, accurate rates and must not mislead borrowers about the costs or availability of loans.

Other options:

Including undocumented child support (A) may violate documentation standards but is not prohibited under Regulation Z.

Issuing disclosures (B) and re-disclosing Loan Estimates (C) are required actions under TILA and TRID.