Huawei Updated H12-711_V4.0 Exam Questions and Answers by evelina

Huawei firewalls are stateful devices. This means they do not evaluate every packet only by static rules; instead, they track communications as sessions and then handle subsequent packets based on the session state. When the first packet of a flow arrives, the firewall matches it against the security policy, performs checks (and NAT if configured), and if allowed, it creates a session entry in the session table. That entry records key information such as source/destination IP addresses, protocol, ports or identifiers, zones, NAT translation information, timeout values, and the current state.

After the session is created, later packets of the same TCP/UDP flow, or related ICMP traffic, are forwarded efficiently by querying the session table first. If a matching session exists and the state is valid, the firewall applies the corresponding actions (permit/deny, NAT mapping, logging, QoS, inspection) without repeating the full policy lookup each time. If no session matches, the firewall treats the packet as a new flow and re-evaluates it against policies. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

This scenario states two key conditions: (1) there are only a small number of users accessing the Internet, and (2) the number of available public IP addresses is equal to the number of concurrent Internet users. That means the organization has enough public addresses to assign a dedicated public IP to each internal user at the same time. In such a case, the most suitable NAT type is NAT No-PAT, which is also commonly understood as traditional one-to-one address translation (no port translation). The internal source IP is translated to a unique public source IP, and the transport-layer port number is not multiplexed to share a single public IP among many users.

By contrast, NAPT and Easy IP are used when public addresses are scarce, because they translate multiple internal users to one or a few public IP addresses by also translating port numbers (PAT). 3-tuple NAT is a more specific translation method involving matching/translation with additional parameters, but it is not the standard choice described by the given “equal number of public IPs and concurrent users” condition. Therefore, NAT No-PAT is correct.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

L2TP is a Layer 2 tunneling protocol designed to carry PPP frames across an IP network by encapsulating them inside L2TP tunnels. That’s why statement B is correct: L2TP’s job is to transport PPP traffic through a tunnel between an L2TP Access Concentrator and an L2TP Network Server. In typical remote-access VPN use, employees connect from outside (hotel, home, mobile network) and reach internal resources through the VPN, so A and D match common deployment scenarios.

The incorrect statement is C because PPP is not routable over the public Internet by itself. PPP was originally meant for point-to-point links (like dial-up or serial links). On an IP network such as the Internet, PPP frames must be encapsulated by a method like L2TP (often paired with IPsec for confidentiality and integrity) or converted via technologies such as PPPoE/PPPoA for specific access networks.