VMware Updated 3V0-25.25 Exam Questions and Answers by alisa

Comprehensive and Detailed 250 to 350 words of Explanation From VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) documents:

In anNSX-based VCFenvironment, theTier-1 Gatewayis designed to provide localized routing for a specific tenant, department, or environment (like "Development"). Even if the requirements exclude stateful services like NAT or VPN, the gateway must still be logically connected to the higher-tier routing fabric to facilitateNorth/Southcommunication.

East-West communication—traffic between VMs on the same or different overlay segments attached to the same Tier-1—is handled by theDistributed Router (DR)component of the Tier-1 gateway. This happens automatically as soon as segments are attached to the gateway. However, for a VM on one of these segments to reach an "external" destination (such as a shared service in the Management Domain or the public internet), the Tier-1 must have a path to theTier-0 Gateway.

To satisfy the North/South requirement, the administrator mustconnect the Tier-1 gateway to a Tier-0 gatewayand, crucially,enable Route Advertisement. Without route advertisement, the Tier-0 gateway will not know that the subnets (prefixes) behind the Tier-1 gateway even exist. Consequently, while the Tier-1 might have a default route pointing up to the Tier-0, the physical network will have no return path to the VMs, breaking external connectivity.

Option C is incorrect because a Tier-1 gateway onlyrequiresan Edge Cluster if it needs to provide stateful services (NAT, LB, VPN). Since this design explicitly excludes them, the Tier-1 can remain a purelyDistributed Router, which is more efficient and does not consume Edge node resources. Option D would isolate the environment, preventing the required North/South communication. Therefore, the logical link and the enabling ofAll Connected Segmentsin the advertisement settings are the verified steps to ensure full connectivity.

Comprehensive and Detailed 250 to 350 words of Explanation From VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) documents:

InVMware Cloud Foundationnetworking, the relationship between segments and gateways is governed by the underlyingTransport Zone (TZ)configuration. A Transport Zone defines the potential span of a virtual network—specifically, which hosts and edges can participate in that network.

When an administrator creates anNSX Segment, they must associate it with a specific Transport Zone (either Overlay or VLAN). Similarly, when aTier-1 Gatewayis created, its reach is determined by the Transport Zones available on the Transport Nodes (Edges and ESXi hosts) where it is instantiated. For a Segment to be attached to a Tier-1 Gateway, both objectsmust reside within the same Transport Zone.

If the Segment was created in "Overlay-TZ-01" but the new Tier-1 Gateway is only associated with "Overlay-TZ-02" (or if one is in a VLAN TZ and the other in an Overlay TZ), the NSX Manager UI will filter out the incompatible gateway to prevent an invalid configuration. The logical switch (Segment) cannot bind to a gateway if they do not share a common broadcast or encapsulation domain defined by the Transport Zone.

Option A is incorrect because a Tier-1 Gateway does not strictlyrequirean Edge Cluster unless it is providing stateful services (like NAT, LB, or Firewall). It can exist purely as a distributed component on the hypervisors. Option B (Connectivity Policy) determines if the T1 advertises routes to the T0, but it doesn't prevent a segment from connecting to it. Option D is also incorrect, as a Tier-1 Gateway can be moved between Tier-0s, or even exist without a Tier-0 connection initially. Therefore, theTransport Zone mismatchis the fundamental architectural barrier preventing the gateway from appearing in the selection list.

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Comprehensive and Detailed 250 to 350 words of Explanation From VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) documents:

The architecture ofNSX Federationwithin a VCF Multi-Site design is built upon a separation of theControl Planeand theData Plane. This "decoupled" architecture ensures high availability and resiliency even when management components become unavailable.

In NSX Federation, theGlobal Manager (GM)handles the configuration of objects that span multiple locations, while theLocal Manager (LM)is responsible for pushing those configurations down to the local Transport Nodes (ESXi hosts and Edges) within its specific site. When a configuration is pushed, the Local Manager communicates with theCentral Control Plane (CCP)and subsequently theLocal Control Plane (LCP)on the hosts.

If an NSX Local Manager goes offline, the "Management Plane" for that site is lost. This means no new segments, routers, or firewall rules can be created or modified at that site. However, the existing configuration is already programmed into theData Plane(the kernels of the ESXi hosts and the DPDK process of the Edge nodes).

According to VMware's "NSX Multi-Location Design Guide," the data plane remains fully operational during a Management Plane outage. Existing VMs will continue to communicate, BGP sessions on the Edges will remain established, and Distributed Firewall (DFW) rules will continue to be enforced based on the last known good configuration state cached on the hosts. The data plane does not require constant heartbeats from the Local Manager to forward traffic. Therefore, operations continue normally "headless" until the LM is restored and can resume synchronization with the Global Manager and local hosts. Failover to a primary site (Option D) is only necessary if the actual data plane (hosts/storage) fails, not just the management components.

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Comprehensive and Detailed 250 to 350 words of Explanation From VMware Cloud Foundation (VCF) documents:

NSX Federationis the architectural framework used withinVMware Cloud Foundation (VCF)to provide consistent networking and security across multiple sites. The core of this framework is the relationship between theGlobal Manager (GM)and one or moreLocal Managers (LMs).

The registration process is the critical first step in establishing this "parent-child" relationship. According to the "NSX-T Data Center Administration Guide" and Federation-specific documentation, the registration is initiated from theActive Global Manager.

Initiation and Credentials (Requirement E):The administrator logs into the Global Manager UI and navigates to the "System > Fabric > Locations" section. To add a new site, the GM-Active requires theIP address or FQDNof the target Local Manager and theAdmin credentials. This allows the GM to authenticate with the LM, exchange security certificates, and establish a secure thumbprint-verified connection.

Stable Communication Endpoint (Requirement C):For the ongoing management and synchronization of "Global Objects" (like Tier-0s or Security Groups), the GM must communicate with the LM cluster as a whole rather than a single individual node. Therefore, theLM Cluster Virtual IP (VIP)or aFQDNpointing to that VIP is provided. Using the VIP ensures that if the specific LM node that initially handled the registration fails, the GM can continue to communicate with the remaining nodes in the LM cluster without administrative intervention.

Option A is incorrect because the Global Manager typically manages the licensing for the federation, not the LM validating the GM. Option B is incorrect as an external load balancer is not a prerequisite for the native GM-LM registration handshake. Option D is incorrect because providing the IP of an individual node (one of the three) does not provide the high availability required for a production Federation environment. Thus, the use of theCluster VIPand theGM-Active's request for LM credentialsare the verified procedural requirements.