Salesforce Updated Integration-Architect Exam Questions and Answers by bruno

An API gateway is a component that acts as a single point of entry for all cloud applications to access on-premise resources and services. It can provide security, routing, transformation, and other features to facilitate integration. An API gateway component should be deployable behind a DMZ or perimeter network, which is a subnetwork that separates the internal network from the external network and provides an additional layer of security. The middleware solution should also be capable of establishing a secure API gateway between cloud applications and on-premise resources, which may involve using protocols such as HTTPS, SSL/TLS, or VPN. The OAuth security protocol is not a requirement for choosing a middleware solution, as it is a standard for authorizing access to resources on behalf of a user. The middleware solution’s ability to interface directly with databases via an ODBC connection string is also not a requirement, as it is a specific feature that may or may not be needed depending on the integration scenario. Reference: Salesforce Integration Architecture Designer Resource Guide, page 14-15

 A trigger is a programmatic way of executing some logic when a record is inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted in Salesforce. A trigger can invoke an Apex class that contains the code to perform a REST callout to an external system. A REST callout is a way of sending an HTTP request to a service endpoint and receiving a response. A REST callout can be synchronous or asynchronous, depending on whether the Apex code waits for the response before continuing the execution. A synchronous callout is suitable for scenarios where the response is needed immediately, such as order fulfillment1.

An Apex proxy class is a class that is generated from a WSDL (Web Service Description Language) document of an external SOAP web service. An Apex proxy class can be used to make a SOAP callout to the external web service, but not a REST callout. A SOAP callout is another way of sending an HTTP request to a service endpoint and receiving a response, but it uses a different format and protocol than REST2.

Process Builder is a declarative tool that allows you to automate business processes by defining criteria and actions. Process Builder can invoke an Apex class that implements the Process.Plugin interface, which allows you to extend the functionality of Process Builder with custom logic. However, Process Builder does not support synchronous callouts, because it runs in the background and does not wait for the response from the external system. Process Builder only supports asynchronous callouts, which are executed after the transaction is committed3.

Batch Apex is a way of processing large volumes of data asynchronously by breaking them into smaller batches of records. Batch Apex can be used to perform complex or long-running operations on data, such as data cleansing, archiving, or integration. Batch Apex can make callouts to external systems by implementing the Database.AllowsCallouts interface in the batch class. However, Batch Apex is not suitable for scenarios where the callout needs to be synchronous, because it runs in the background and does not wait for the response from the external system. Batch Apex also has some limitations, such as the maximum number of batches in the queue, the maximum number of records per batch, and the maximum number of callouts per batch4.

A Lightning Component is a reusable unit of user interface that can be used to build modern web apps with Salesforce. A Lightning Component can make a callout to an external system by using JavaScript code or by invoking an Apex controller class that contains the logic for the callout. A Lightning Component can make a synchronous or asynchronous callout, depending on whether the JavaScript code or Apex code waits for the response before continuing the execution. However, a Lightning Component is not a good choice for scenarios where the callout needs to be triggered by a record change, such as when an opportunity is closed/won. A Lightning Component requires user interaction, such as clicking a button or loading a page, to initiate the callout5.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, because writing a trigger that invokes an Apex class to make a REST callout to the Order Management System is the only option that satisfies the requirements of making a synchronous callout when an opportunity is closed/won.

References: 1: Callouts From Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers 2: Generate an Apex Class from a WSDL | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers 3: Invoking Apex from Process Builder | Process Automation Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers 4: Using Batch Apex | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers 5: Make HTTP Requests from JavaScript Code in Lightning Components | Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

The integration consultant should consider the following authorization and authentication needs while integrating the DMS and ESB with Salesforce:

• Users should be authorized to view information specific to the customer they are servicing without a need to search for customer. This means that the integration should provide a seamless and contextual access to the customer billing information and generated bills from the DMS and ESB, based on the customer record or case that the user is working on in Salesforce.
• Consider Enterprise security needs for access to DMS and ESB. This means that the integration should comply with the security policies and standards of the Enterprise, such as encryption, auditing, logging, monitoring, etc.
• Users should be authenticated into DMS and ESB without having to enter username and password. This means that the integration should use a single sign-on (SSO) mechanism that allows users to access multiple systems with one login credential, such as OAuth or SAML34

References: Authorization Through Connected Apps and OAuth 2.0, Single Sign-On for Desktop and Mobile Applications using SAML and OAuth

The correct answer is A, C, and D. These are three relevant details that a Salesforce Integration Architect should seek to specifically solve for Integration architecture needs of the program. These details can help the Integration Architect to understand the scope, requirements, and constraints of the integration solution, and to choose the appropriate tools, methods, and patterns. The details are:

• Source and Target system, Directionality, data volume & transformation complexity along with any middleware that can be leveraged. This detail can help the Integration Architect to identify the systems involved in the integration, the direction of data flow, the amount and complexity of data to be exchanged, and the middleware or platform capabilities that can facilitate the integration.
• Timing aspects - real-time/near real-time (synchronous or asynchronous), batch; update frequency. This detail can help the Integration Architect to determine the latency, reliability, and scalability requirements of the integration solution, and to choose the suitable integration protocols and techniques.
• Integration Style - Process based, Data based, Virtual integration. This detail can help the Integration Architect to select the appropriate integration style that matches the business needs and objectives. Process based integration focuses on orchestrating business processes across systems, data based integration focuses on synchronizing data across systems, and virtual integration focuses on providing a unified view of data across systems.

References: Certification - Integration Architect - Trailhead, [Integration Patterns and Practices]