NREMT Updated EMT Exam Questions and Answers by kamil

These symptoms are classic for endometriosis, where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus. Symptoms often include:

Pelvic pain

Painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea)

Painful bowel movements or intercourse

Spontaneous abortion does not apply here due to lack of pregnancy. Premature menopause is rare at this age and presents differently. Infection is less likely in the absence of recent sexual activity or fever.

In patients with acute abdominal pain, you must first inspect (visualize) for distension, discoloration, or masses before touching. Palpation always begins away from the most painful area. The patient should be in a supine position with knees flexed to relax the abdominal muscles and ease the exam.

Palpating a pulsating mass could rupture an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is contraindicated.

Pulmonary edema is caused by fluid accumulation in the alveoli, impairing gas exchange. It is typically due to:

Left-sided heart failure: Blood backs up into the pulmonary circulation

Hypertensive crisis: Increases hydrostatic pressure in the lungs

Anaphylaxis causes vasodilation and bronchospasm, not fluid overload. Increased oncotic pressure would retain fluid in capillaries — the opposite of edema.

The correct answer is D because stridor and erythema in this context strongly indicate anaphylaxis with upper airway involvement . Stridor is a sign of airway swelling , which can rapidly lead to complete airway obstruction.

NREMT-aligned EMT guidelines emphasize that epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis , as it rapidly reduces airway swelling (vasoconstriction), improves breathing (bronchodilation), and supports circulation. Early administration is critical to prevent deterioration.

While oxygen is important, epinephrine takes priority because it directly treats the underlying life-threatening allergic reaction.