Fortinet Updated NSE7_CDS_AR-7.6 Exam Questions and Answers by cyrus

The Fortinet documentation states: "An IGW in AWS is a VPC component that allows communication between instances in your VPC and the internet... AWS users with less experience may face connectivity issues if they create a new VPC, add EC2 instances to it, but forget that they need an IGW for internet connectivity."

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From FortiOS 7.6, FortiWeb 7.4 Exact Extract study guide:

As per theFortiOS 7.6 AWS Administration GuideandFortiWeb 7.4cloud deployment documentation, understanding the AWS infrastructure layer is critical for integrating Fortinet virtual appliances. The two features that define AWS Network Access Control Lists (NACLs) are:

Stateless Nature (Option A):Unlike Security Groups, which are stateful (automatically allowing return traffic), NACLs arestateless. This means that if you allow inbound traffic on a specific port, you must also explicitly configure an outbound rule to allow the response traffic to leave the subnet. NACLs evaluate inbound and outbound traffic independently.

Default Configuration (Option C):Every VPC comes with adefault NACL. By default, this NACL is configured toallow all inbound and outbound traffic. This is designed to ensure connectivity is not blocked until a custom security posture is defined. However, any custom NACL created manually starts by denying all traffic until rules are added.

Why other options are incorrect:

Option B:NACLs are associated at thesubnet level, not the instance level. Security Groups are the components tied directly to an instance’s Elastic Network Interface (ENI).

Option D:NACLs and Security Groups providedefense-in-depthand are designed to be used simultaneously. Traffic must pass through the NACL (subnet level) and then the Security Group (instance level) to reach its destination.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From FortiOS 7.6, FortiWeb 7.4 Exact Extract study guide:

According to theFortiWeb 7.4 Administration Guideand theFortiWeb Ingress Controller Installation Guide, the status of backend servers in the FortiView Topology dashboard is a direct reflection of the health check results.

Interpreting the Status Icon (Orange):In the FortiView Topology view, agreencircle indicates that the server is up and responding to health checks, while anorangecircle indicates that the server isnot runningor is unreachable.

Connectivity and Routing (Option B):For the FortiWeb ingress controller to accurately monitor and protect a containerized application, it must have a valid network path to the Kubernetes (K8s) worker nodes. If theFortiWeb VM is missing a routeto the specific subnet where the K8s nodes reside, the health check packets will fail to reach their destination. As a result, FortiWeb identifies the backend servers (192.168.0.1, 192.168.0.2, and 192.168.0.3) as "Down," leading to the orange status shown in the exhibit.

Health Check Failures:When the status is orange, it implies that theServer Health Check(configured in the server pool) is detecting that the web servers are not responsive to connections. While this could be caused by an application-level failure, in a fresh cloud deployment of an ingress controller, the most common underlying cause is anetwork routing misconfigurationpreventing the FortiWeb appliance from reaching the node IPs.12

Why other options are incorrect:34

Option A:If the SDN connector were not authenticated correctly, FortiWeb would likely fail to discover the containerized resources entirely, rather than discovering them and repor5ting them as "Down".6

Option C:While wron7g IP addresses would cause a failure, the Ingress Controller's job is to dynamically sync these addresses from the K8s API; a manual configuration error in a manifest file regarding IP addresses is less likely in an automated ingress environment.

Option D:The load balancing algorithm (Round Robin, Least Connections, etc.) affects how traffic is distributed, but it does not influence theup/down health statusof the individual backend servers.