Google Updated Professional-Cloud-Security-Engineer Exam Questions and Answers by ayaat

To ensure that Vertex AI Workbench Instances (formerly AI Platform Notebooks) are automatically updated and that users cannot modify operating system settings, it's crucial to implement organizational policies that enforce these requirements.

disableRootAccess Organization Policy:This policy prevents users from obtaining root access on virtual machines. By enforcing this policy, you ensure that users cannot make unauthorized changes to the operating system settings, maintaining the integrity and security of the instances.

requireAutoUpgradeSchedule Organization Policy:This policy mandates that virtual machines have an auto-upgrade schedule for their operating systems. By enforcing this policy, you ensure that instances are automatically kept up-to-date with the latest security patches and updates, reducing the risk of vulnerabilities.

Given the options:

Option A: Enabling VM Manager helps in managing updates and configurations but does not inherently prevent users from altering OS settings.

Option B: Enforcing the disableRootAccess and requireAutoUpgradeSchedule organization policies directly addresses both requirements: preventing unauthorized OS modifications and ensuring automatic updates.

Option C: Assigning specific roles controls user permissions but does not enforce OS-level restrictions or automatic updates.

Option D: Implementing firewall rules to prevent SSH access adds a layer of security but does not ensure automatic updates or prevent OS modifications through other means.

Therefore, Option B is the most effective approach, as it directly enforces the necessary policies to meet both requirements.

References:

Organization Policy Service

VM Manager Overview

To mitigate the risk posed by long-running Google Cloud CLI sessions, it is essential to enforce a reauthentication frequency. This ensures that users must periodically reauthenticate, reducing the window of opportunity for an attacker to exploit an open session. Setting the reauthentication frequency to one hour forces users to reauthenticate after this period, thereby limiting the duration an attacker can use a compromised session.

Access Google Cloud Console: Log in to your Google Cloud Console using your admin credentials.

Navigate to Security Settings: Go to the "Security" section of the Cloud Console.

Set Session Control: Under the session management settings, locate the "Reauthentication frequency" setting. This controls how often users must reauthenticate.

Configure Reauthentication Frequency: Set the reauthentication frequency to "1 hour". This configuration will force users to reauthenticate every hour, thus limiting the duration of each session.

Save Changes: Confirm and save your changes. This setting will now apply to all users, ensuring that open sessions are minimized to a duration of one hour.

References:

Google Cloud IAM Documentation

Google Cloud Security Best Practices

"Date shifting techniques randomly shift a set of dates but preserve the sequence and duration of a period of time. Shifting dates is usually done in context to an individual or an entity. That is, each individual's dates are shifted by an amount of time that is unique to that individual."