Amazon Web Services Updated DOP-C02 Exam Questions and Answers by rehmat

B. Update the CodeBuild project role with the necessary permissions and then remove the AWS credentials from the environment variable. C. Store the DB_PASSWORD as a SecureString value in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store and then remove the DB_PASSWORD from the environment variables. E. Use AWS Systems Manager run command versus scp and ssh commands directly to the instance.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/sysman-managed-instance-activation.html

To restrict access to CloudFront to a specific IP address range:

Create an AWS WAF IP address set with the corporate office IPs.

Modify the existing WebACL ' s default action to Block (deny all except explicitly allowed).

Add a high-priority rule that allows traffic from the IP address set (the corporate IPs). This way, only requests from the corporate IPs are allowed; all others are blocked. Regex pattern sets are not necessary for IP-based restrictions and add complexity. Setting default action to Allow with exceptions is less secure and more complex to manage.

 Configure AWS Systems Manager on Each Instance:

AWS Systems Manager provides a unified interface for managing AWS resources. Install the Systems Manager agent on each EC2 instance to enable inventory management and other features.

 Use AWS Systems Manager Inventory:

Systems Manager Inventory collects metadata about your instances and the software installed on them. This data includes information about applications, network configurations, and more.

Enable Systems Manager Inventory on all EC2 instances to gather detailed information about installed applications.

 Use Systems Manager Resource Data Sync to Synchronize and Store Findings in an Amazon S3 Bucket:

Resource Data Sync aggregates inventory data from multiple accounts and regions into a single S3 bucket, making it easier to query and analyze the data.

Configure Resource Data Sync to automatically transfer inventory data to an S3 bucket for centralized storage.

 Create an AWS Lambda Function that Runs When New Objects are Added to the S3 Bucket:

Use an S3 event to trigger a Lambda function whenever new inventory data is added to the S3 bucket.

The Lambda function can parse the inventory data and check for the presence of prohibited applications.

 Configure the Lambda Function to Identify Prohibited Applications:

The Lambda function should be programmed to scan the inventory data for any known prohibited applications and generate alerts or take appropriate actions if such applications are found.

Example Lambda function in Python

import json

import boto3

def lambda_handler(event, context):

s3 = boto3.client( ' s3 ' )

bucket = event[ ' Records ' ][0] [ ' s3 ' ][ ' bucket ' ][ ' name ' ]

key = event[ ' Records ' ][0] [ ' s3 ' ][ ' object ' ][ ' key ' ]

response = s3.get_object(Bucket=bucket, Key=key)

inventory_data = json.loads(response[ ' Body ' ].read().decode( ' utf-8 ' ))

prohibited_apps = [ ' app1 ' , ' app2 ' ]

for instance in inventory_data[ ' Instances ' ]:

for app in instance[ ' Applications ' ]:

if app[ ' Name ' ] in prohibited_apps:

# Send notification or take action

print(f " Prohibited application found: {app[ ' Name ' ]} on instance {instance[ ' InstanceId ' ]} " )

return { ' statusCode ' : 200, ' body ' : json.dumps( ' Check completed ' )}

By leveraging AWS Systems Manager Inventory, Resource Data Sync, and Lambda, this solution provides an efficient and automated way to audit EC2 instances for prohibited applications.