AACN Updated CCRN-Pediatric Exam Questions and Answers by kacper

In neonates and infants, hypoglycemia is oftensymptomatically silentor presents withnonspecific signs, includinghypothermia, lethargy, and apnea. These can quickly progress to seizures or coma if not corrected.

“Hypoglycemia in infants may manifest as apnea, poor feeding, jitteriness, or hypothermia. Immediate intervention is required to prevent neurological injury.”

(Referenced from CCRN Pediatric – Direct Care: Endocrine Function and Metabolic Monitoring)

When communication and relationships become strained, themost appropriate first action is to initiate a care conference. This collaborative approach provides a forum for the family and healthcare team to align goals, express concerns, andrebuild trustthrough structured, clear communication.

“Care conferences serve as a critical strategy to address and resolve family-staff conflict, particularly in long-term ICU stays where emotional fatigue and communication breakdowns are common.”

(Referenced from CCRN Pediatric – Professional Caring and Ethical Practice: Family-Centered Communication and Collaboration)

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)helpskeep alveoli open at end-expiration, therebyincreasing functional residual capacityand improvinggas exchange. In aspiration-related lung injury, alveolar collapse and inflammation impair oxygenation, soPEEP is used to recruit alveoli and improve oxygenation.

“PEEP increases oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse, especially important in aspiration pneumonitis and ARDS. It improves oxygen delivery while minimizing barotrauma.”

(Referenced from CCRN Pediatric – Direct Care: Pulmonary, Mechanical Ventilation Strategies)

Upper airway edemais a common and life-threatening complication in children followingthermal inhalation injury. Swelling usually peaks12–24 hours post-injury, leading toairway obstruction, tachypnea, and hypoxemia. It is aprimary concernin the post-burn period.

“Upper airway edema due to inhalation injury develops within 24 hours and can cause airwaycompromise. Stridor, tachypnea, and desaturation are warning signs.”

(Referenced from CCRN Pediatric – Direct Care: Pulmonary, Inhalation Injuries and Airway Management)